Characteristics: Contains more caffeine than Arabica, with a stronger, slightly bitter taste, and sometimes has earthy or woody notes. Robusta has a fuller body and tends to be more bitter compared to Arabica.

Growth: More resistant to diseases and can grow at lower altitudes in more extreme climates. Robusta is commonly grown in Africa and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.

Characteristics: Smoother, more complex taste with higher acidity. Arabica often exhibits a range of flavor notes, from fruity and chocolatey to floral.

Growth: Requires higher altitudes, cooler temperatures, and is more susceptible to diseases. Arabica is typically grown in Latin America, East Africa, and also in higher altitudes of Indonesia.

Characteristics: Has larger beans than Arabica and Robusta. Its flavor is unique, often with fruity or smoky aromas and a strong body. Liberica can be slightly acidic and bitter but also offers an intriguing and distinct taste.

Growth: Grows in tropical climates and is more resistant to wet conditions and diseases. Liberica is commonly found in countries like the Philippines, Malaysia, and some parts of Indonesia.